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Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations

Received: 6 July 2022     Accepted: 20 July 2022     Published: 29 July 2022
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Abstract

The authors report three cases of division anomalies (bifurcation and fenestrations) of the internal jugular vein (IJV) revealed intraoperatively during cervical lymph node dissection. Although these terms are commonly interchanged in the literature, they are used interchangeably often granting ambiguity among surgeons. The objective of this work was to report our experience through three clinical observations collected from 2017 to 2022 in order to be able to build the different terminologies and also discuss the clinical implications. Clinical cases: These are three patients aged 55, 59 and 62, male, who all underwent total laryngectomy plus bilateral functional lymph node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma classified as T4aN2bMO, T4aN1MO, T4aN2aMO. During the recesses of the right sides, the dissection carried out along the internal jugular vein found a small duplication in the shape of a "needle point" giving the appearance of a window (fenestration) through which the spinal nerve passed between the branches. In one case, the window was slightly wide in the second patient and in the third patient we found splitting of the vein with a bifurcation type. The postoperative course was simple. Conclusion: Divisions (duplication, bifurcation or fenestration) of IJV are rare and are mainly observed during cervical surgery, diagnostic imaging, and very rarely during cadaver dissection. Understanding its IJV variation abnormalities is important to avoid iatrogenic injury during cervical surgery or during central venous catheterization.

Published in International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13
Page(s) 41-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Anatomical Variations, Internal Jugular Vein, Cervical Surgery

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kassim Diarra, N’faly Konaté, Youssouf Sidibé, Kalifa Coulibaly, Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko, et al. (2022). Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations. International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 8(2), 41-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13

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    ACS Style

    Kassim Diarra; N’faly Konaté; Youssouf Sidibé; Kalifa Coulibaly; Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko, et al. Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations. Int. J. Otorhinolaryngol. 2022, 8(2), 41-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13

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    AMA Style

    Kassim Diarra, N’faly Konaté, Youssouf Sidibé, Kalifa Coulibaly, Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko, et al. Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations. Int J Otorhinolaryngol. 2022;8(2):41-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13,
      author = {Kassim Diarra and N’faly Konaté and Youssouf Sidibé and Kalifa Coulibaly and Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko and Moussa Bourama Keita and Fatogoma Issa Koné and Boubacary Guindo and Siaka Soumaoro and Doumbia Kadidiatou Singare and Mohamed Amadou Keita},
      title = {Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations},
      journal = {International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {41-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijo.20220802.13},
      abstract = {The authors report three cases of division anomalies (bifurcation and fenestrations) of the internal jugular vein (IJV) revealed intraoperatively during cervical lymph node dissection. Although these terms are commonly interchanged in the literature, they are used interchangeably often granting ambiguity among surgeons. The objective of this work was to report our experience through three clinical observations collected from 2017 to 2022 in order to be able to build the different terminologies and also discuss the clinical implications. Clinical cases: These are three patients aged 55, 59 and 62, male, who all underwent total laryngectomy plus bilateral functional lymph node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma classified as T4aN2bMO, T4aN1MO, T4aN2aMO. During the recesses of the right sides, the dissection carried out along the internal jugular vein found a small duplication in the shape of a "needle point" giving the appearance of a window (fenestration) through which the spinal nerve passed between the branches. In one case, the window was slightly wide in the second patient and in the third patient we found splitting of the vein with a bifurcation type. The postoperative course was simple. Conclusion: Divisions (duplication, bifurcation or fenestration) of IJV are rare and are mainly observed during cervical surgery, diagnostic imaging, and very rarely during cadaver dissection. Understanding its IJV variation abnormalities is important to avoid iatrogenic injury during cervical surgery or during central venous catheterization.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Anatomical Variations of the Internal Jugular Vein: Focus Through Three Clinical Observations
    AU  - Kassim Diarra
    AU  - N’faly Konaté
    AU  - Youssouf Sidibé
    AU  - Kalifa Coulibaly
    AU  - Drissa Kaloga Bagayoko
    AU  - Moussa Bourama Keita
    AU  - Fatogoma Issa Koné
    AU  - Boubacary Guindo
    AU  - Siaka Soumaoro
    AU  - Doumbia Kadidiatou Singare
    AU  - Mohamed Amadou Keita
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    PY  - 2022
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13
    T2  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    JF  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    JO  - International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
    SP  - 41
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-2413
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijo.20220802.13
    AB  - The authors report three cases of division anomalies (bifurcation and fenestrations) of the internal jugular vein (IJV) revealed intraoperatively during cervical lymph node dissection. Although these terms are commonly interchanged in the literature, they are used interchangeably often granting ambiguity among surgeons. The objective of this work was to report our experience through three clinical observations collected from 2017 to 2022 in order to be able to build the different terminologies and also discuss the clinical implications. Clinical cases: These are three patients aged 55, 59 and 62, male, who all underwent total laryngectomy plus bilateral functional lymph node dissection for squamous cell carcinoma classified as T4aN2bMO, T4aN1MO, T4aN2aMO. During the recesses of the right sides, the dissection carried out along the internal jugular vein found a small duplication in the shape of a "needle point" giving the appearance of a window (fenestration) through which the spinal nerve passed between the branches. In one case, the window was slightly wide in the second patient and in the third patient we found splitting of the vein with a bifurcation type. The postoperative course was simple. Conclusion: Divisions (duplication, bifurcation or fenestration) of IJV are rare and are mainly observed during cervical surgery, diagnostic imaging, and very rarely during cadaver dissection. Understanding its IJV variation abnormalities is important to avoid iatrogenic injury during cervical surgery or during central venous catheterization.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center Mother-Child “Le Luxembourg”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • Department of Anesthesia Resuscitation, University Hospital Center Mother-Child “Le Luxembourg”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

  • ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital Center “Gabriel Touré”, Bamako, Mali

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